Quantum Computing

In News

A team of scientist has designed a new ultra thin material that was used to create elusive quantum states.

About

• These Quantum states are called as one dimensional Majorana zero energy modes.
• They could have huge impact on Quantum computing.
• Qubit is responsible for high speed calculations found at the core of the Quantum computer.
• The Qubits used by Google and others are very sensitive to noise and interference from the computer’s surroundings that causes errors into the calculations.
• The newly designed Qubit called as Topological qubit can solve this problem.
• 1D Majorana energy modes have important role in making them.

What is Quantum Computing?

Quantum computing is the use of quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to perform computation. Computers that perform quantum computations are known as quantum computers. Quantum computers are believed to be able to solve certain computational problems, such as integer factorization (which underlies RSA encryption), substantially faster than classical computers. The study of quantum computing is a subfield of quantum information science.

What is a Qubit?

In quantum computing, a qubit or quantum bit is the basic unit of quantum information.

What are Majorana Zero energy modes (MZM)?

These are group of electrons bound together in a specific pattern that they behave like a particle called a Majorana fermion, a semi-mythical particle first proposed by semi-mythical physicist Ettore Majorana in the 1930s.
A group of electrons are given very specific amount of energy for the formation of MZMs and then trapping them together so they can’t escape. For this the materials need to be 2-dimensional, and as thin as physically possible. To create 1D MZMs, entirely a new type of 2D material is required: a topological superconductor.

The scientists are now sure that they can make 1D MZMs in 2-dimensional materials; the next step will be to attempt to make them into topological qubits.