Answer: C

Explanation:

Biotechnology includes all those areas which have been developed for the use of living organisms and the substances derived from them in agriculture and industry, such as bio-fertilizers, organic gas, tissue culture, gene engineering, embryo transplantation, test tube babies, Etcetera. Developments in biotechnology are the result of various discoveries in the fields of biology, molecular biology, gene engineering and chemical engineering over the last 20 years. The process of producing goods with the help of small animals, bacteria and plants is called biotechnology. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The success of cloning has given widespread importance to this technique. With the use of biotechnology, pollution control, decomposition of toxic wastes through bacteria, production of new fuels, etc. are possible. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Biotechnology is that division of biology in which biological processes are used to produce substances that are used in industries, agriculture and medicines, that is, it can be said that microbiology, biochemistry and biochemistry Biotechnology is the use of various technologies related to human welfare through micro-organisms and tissue culture, making full use of chemical engineering. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Cell fusion technique was developed in 1975 by Dr. Millstone Kohler and Jayme. A foreign multimolecular substance, which is usually a protein, which enters an organism and stimulates the production of antibodies, is called antigen. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

In response to this antigen, the receptor organism produces a counter-biological substance. By using this method, considerable success can be achieved in the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and other micro-organisms. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Tissue culture is a technological technique in which cells, tissues or organs of plants or animals are isolated and grown in special vessels under controlled temperature, pressure and other favorable conditions. This technique is used to improve the growth, disease-preventing and chemical-resistant capabilities of plants. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Tissue culture is very useful for agricultural work. With this technique, desired traits can be transplanted into plants by tissue transfer. Such experiments are being done to improve the varieties of vegetables, fruits and flowers. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

The Biotechnology Information System program of the Department of Bioinformatics has now transformed into a countrywide network. This network is supporting biotechnology research by conducting research in various areas of bioinformatics and developing human resources in this field. 52 Bioinformatics facilities were established to bring innovation in biology teaching through bioinformatics. These facilities will serve as bioinformatics resource centers to enhance teaching capacity in biology and biotechnology.

Here, both Statement 1 and 2 are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation of Statement-I. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Patent Act was passed in India in the year 1970. Under this Act, process patents were granted in the fields of food, chemicals and drugs. Also, under the Act, process and product patents were granted in India only for 14 years and in the food, chemical and pharmaceutical sectors, process patents were granted for only 5-7 years. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

In the Indian patent system, along with making effective arrangements for issuing compulsory licenses, it also provides for withdrawal of patents in public interest. The Indian Patent Act 1970 imposes a high limit on royalty payments. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.