Answer: C

Explanation:

C-peptide, or connecting peptide, is a short chain of amino acids that the pancreas releases into the blood when it produces insulin. C-peptide is a byproduct of insulin synthesis and the pancreas produces about the same amount of C-peptide as insulin. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

A C-peptide test measures the level of C-peptide in a blood or urine sample. This test can help determine how much insulin the body is producing, and can be used to find the cause of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), Manage diabetes treatment, and Monitor a pancreatic tumor (insulinoma). Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Bio-piracy is the illegal or unethical use of biological materials for commercial purposes without providing fair compensation to the country or territory where they are native. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Bio-piracy encompasses instances such as medical companies patenting indigenous medicinal knowledge, exploiting neem products without community benefits, and foreign attempts to patent Basmati rice varieties. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: D

Explanation:

"Bioterrorism refers to the intentional release of biological agents or toxins for the purpose of harming or killing humans, animals or plants with the intent to intimidate or coerce a government or civilian population. Anthrax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tularemia, Ebola, Marburg, Lassa and Machupo are the agents/diseases are released through Bioterrorism. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a medical procedure used to assist individuals or couples facing fertility challenges in achieving pregnancy. It is the most common and effective type of ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology), which encompasses various medical procedures aimed at addressing infertility. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

It entails extracting eggs from the ovaries, fertilizing them with sperm in a laboratory, and then transferring resulting embryos into the uterus to facilitate implantation and pregnancy. It can be used to treat infertility arising from various factors such as blocked fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, ovulation disorders, genetic disorders and unexplained infertility. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

It is one of several ART procedures, including intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), cryopreservation of gametes or embryos, and the use of fertility medication. Babies conceived through IVF are often colloquially referred to as "test tube babies." Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

The pyrogen test is a procedure that determines whether pharmaceutical products are free of pyrogens, which can cause fever and life-threatening inflammation. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Pyrogens can come from gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, viruses or fungi. The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) regulates pyrogen testing, along with other organizations like the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Pharmacopeia (EP). Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.