Daily Static MCQs Quiz for UPSC, IAS, UPPSC/UPPCS, MPPSC. BPSC, RPSC & All State PSC Exams
Subject : Science and Technology
1. Consider the following statements regarding Gold nanoparticles (GNPs):
1. GNPs have lower solar radiation absorbing ability than the
conventional bulk gold.
2. They are useful in the electronics industry.
3. They are capable of transferring various drugs made out of peptides,
proteins, plasmid DNAs to target diseased cells of the human body.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (B)
Explanation:
- Nanoparticles (NPs) have wide variety of potential applications in the fields of biomedical, optical and electronics research. Metallic NPs have been efficiently exploited for biomedical applications and among them GNPs are found to be effective in biomedical research. NPs are those materials that are at least one dimension smaller than 100 nanometres. GNPs are found to have greater solar radiation absorbing ability than the conventional bulk gold, which makes them a better candidate for use in the photovoltaic cell manufacturing industry. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
- As nano-carriers, GNPs are capable of transferring various drugs made out of peptides, proteins, plasmid DNAs, small interfering RNAs, and chemotherapeutic agents to target diseased cells of the human body. GNPs are also found to be useful in the electronics industry. Hence, statement 2 and 3 are correct.
2. Quantum dots (QDs) are man-made nanoscale crystals that can transport electrons. Potential applications of quantum dots include:
1. Single-electron transistors
2. LEDs
3. Solar Cells
4. Cell Biology Research
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) All of the above
Answer: (D)
Explanation: Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor particles a few nanometres in size, having optical and electronic properties that differ from larger particles due to quantum mechanics. When the quantum dots are illuminated by UV light, an electron in the quantum dot can be excited to a state of higher energy. Potential applications of quantum dots include single-electron transistors, solar cells, LEDs, lasers, single-photon sources, second-harmonic generation, quantum computing, cell biology research, and medical imaging. Their small size allows for some QDs to be suspended in solution, which may lead to use in inkjet printing and spin-coating. They have been used in Langmuir-Blodgett thin-films. These processing techniques result in less expensive and less time-consuming methods of semiconductor fabrication. Hence, all are correct.
3. Consider the following statements regarding Machine to Machine communications (M2M):
1. Machine to Machine communications refer to automated
applications which involve machines or devices communicating through a network
without human intervention.
2. It enables data to be transmitted from one device to another device through
wired and wireless communications networks.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (C)
Explanation: M2M communications refer to automated applications which involve machines or devices communicating through a network without human intervention. Sensors and communication modules are embedded within M2M devices, enabling data to be transmitted from one device to another device through wired and wireless communications networks. Hence, both statements are correct.
4. Which of the following are caused by Virus?
1. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
2. Dysentery
3. Typhoid
4. Influenza
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 2 and 4
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 1 and 3
Answer: (C)
Explanation:
- Common ailments like cold, influenza (flu) and most coughs are caused by viruses. SARS, polio and chicken pox are also caused by viruses.
- Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by protozoans whereas typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are bacterial diseases.
Hence, option (c) is correct.
5. Consider the following statements regarding Low Earth Orbit (LEO):
1. It is an Earth-centered orbit with an altitude of 2,000 km
or less.
2. The International Space Station conducts operations in LEO.
3. Major disadvantage of low Earth orbit is that it requires high amount of
energy for placing the satellites.
How many of the above statements is/are incorrect?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (A)
Explanation: Low earth orbit refers to an altitude up to 2,000 km or less. A satellite in the LEO can monitor activities on the ground and water surfaces. A low Earth orbit requires the lowest amount of energy for satellite placement. It provides high bandwidth and low communication latency. Satellites and space stations in LEO are more accessible for crew and servicing. Earth observation satellites and spy satellites use LEO as they are able to see the surface of the Earth clearly by being close to it. The International Space Station is in a LEO about 330 km to 420 km above Earth’s surface. Hence, only statement 3 is incorrect.
