Answer: C

Explanation:

Biopesticides are natural pesticides derived from living organisms such as plants, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. They are considered to be safer and more environmentally friendly than traditional chemical pesticides. Some examples of biopesticides derived from the listed organisms are:

Fungi: Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae are two fungi species used as biopesticides. They are used to control a wide range of pests including whiteflies, thrips, aphids, and spider mites.

Bacteria: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacteria species used as a biopesticide. It produces a toxin that is deadly to many insect larvae, including those of mosquitoes, beetles, and moths.

Flowering plants: Some flowering plants, such as chrysanthemums, produce natural insecticides called pyrethrins, which are used as biopesticides. Other plants, such as neem and garlic, have also been found to have pesticidal properties. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Kerosene lamps rely on capillary action to draw the kerosene from the reservoir to the wick, where it can be burned to produce light. Without capillary action, the lamp would not work properly. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Capillary action is not required for using a straw. Instead, using a straw relies on creating a partial vacuum in the straw by sucking on it which allows the liquid to be drawn up the straw and into the mouth. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Blotting paper relies on capillary action to draw liquid ink or water into the paper and away from a surface. Without capillary action, the blotting paper would not be able to absorb liquids effectively. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

The capillary action is involved in the process of water transport in plants. Capillary action allows water to move up from the roots of the plant to the leaves and other parts of the plant, which is essential for the survival and growth of the plant. Without capillary action, plants would not be able to transport water effectively and would not be able to grow to the sizes of the big trees we see around us. Hence, statement 4 is correct.

Answer: a

Explanation:

Recently, researchers from Berhampur University, Odisha have discovered a new species of marine amphipod, Parhyale Odian, in Chilka Lake.

Parahyale odeon is a newly discovered species of marine amphipod which is a shrimp-like crustacean and is found in Chilka Lake of Odisha. It belongs to the genus Parahyale which now contains a total of 16 species globally. This species, named after Oriya, the native language of Odisha, is brown in color, about eight millimeters long and has 13 pairs of legs. It lives in shallow, tidal and tropical marine environments. The genus Pahayale was first observed by Stebbing in 1899 from the Virgin Islands.

Chilka Lake is the largest brackish water lake in India and serves as a major winter habitat for migratory birds in the Indian subcontinent. It is the largest lagoon in Asia and the second largest lagoon in the world. In 1981, Chilka Lake was designated as the first Indian wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention underscoring its ecological importance. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: c

Explanation:

Recently, scientists have created a new form of cancer-fighting 1 cells that can suppress multiple myeloma tumors in mice, showing better persistence and endurance than standard CAR T cell designs.

T cells are a type of white blood cells that are part of the immune system. These are also called T lymphocytes and thymocytes. These cells play important roles in both components of active immunity in which the cell Mediation and to some extent humoral immunity are involved. They express a receptor with the ability to recognize various antigens from pathogens, tumors and the environment. T cells are also implicated as key drivers of many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The immune system requires protein for T-cell production which can be obtained from protein-rich foods such as skinless chicken, fish, eggs, lentils, beans and soy. Hence, statements 1 and 2 both are correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Indian scientists at the Raman Research Institute (RRI) have developed a novel image-correction algorithm that significantly contributes to the investigation of ultracold atoms. Ultracold atoms are those whose temperatures are close to absolute zero, where their quantum-mechanical properties become dominant. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Achieving such low temperatures usually requires a combination of different technologies. Experiments with ultracold atoms investigate a variety of phenomena including quantum phase transitions, Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC), superfluidity, quantum magnetism, etc. Ultracold atomic systems are used as quantum simulators to study physics beyond their limits. For example, unitary Fermi gases and Ising and Hubbard models. Hence, statement 2 is correct.