Answer: B

Explanation:

The assembly of elected public representatives which is responsible for writing the huge document called the Constitution is called the Constituent Assembly. Elections for the Indian Constituent Assembly were held in July 1946. The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held in December 1946. Immediately after this the country got divided into two parts – India and Pakistan. The Constituent Assembly also got divided into two parts – the Constituent Assembly of India and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect

The assembly that wrote the Indian Constitution had 299 members. It completed its work on 26 November 1949. The Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950. In memory of this day, we celebrate Republic Day every year on 26 January. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

There was no universal adult franchise at that time. Therefore, the people of the country could not directly elect the Constituent Assembly. Due to this, all the geographical areas of the country were properly represented in it. This assembly was dominated by members of the Indian National Congress which had led the national movement. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Preamble embodies the basic philosophy and fundamental values—political, moral and religious—on which the Constitution is based. It embodies the grand and noble vision of the Constituent Assembly and reflects the dreams and aspirations of the founding fathers of the Constitution. According to K.M. Munsey (member of the Drafting Committee), the Preamble is 'the horoscope of our sovereign democratic republic'. Eminent jurist and constitutional expert N.A. Palkhivala called the Preamble the identity card of the Constitution. Former Chief Justice of India M. Hidayatullah said that the Preamble is the soul of our Constitution. Sir Ernest Barker, a distinguished English political scientist, described the Preamble as the main note of the Constitution. Pandit Thakur Das Bhargava, another member of the Constituent Assembly, said that the Preamble is the soul of the Constitution. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: D

Explanation:

The Preamble of the Constitution of India declares that the people of India have given themselves a Constitution. It is based on the objective resolution prepared and introduced by Pandit Nehru and adopted by the Constituent Assembly. It has been amended by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, which added three new words: socialist, secular and integrity. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect

The ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in our introduction are taken from the French Revolution (1789-1799). Hence, statement 2 is incorrect

The Government of India declared 26 November as Constitution Day on 19 November 2015. This day is also known as Constitution Day. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect

Answer: B

Explanation:

The term justice in the Preamble encompasses three distinct forms – social, economic and political, secured through various provisions of fundamental rights and directive principles. Social justice refers to equal treatment of all citizens without any social discrimination on the basis of caste, colour, creed, religion, sex etc. Economic justice refers to non-discrimination between people on the basis of economic factors. Political justice implies that all citizens should have equal political rights, equal access to all political offices and an equal voice in government. The ideal of social, economic and political justice is taken from the Russian Revolution (1917). Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: D

Explanation:

The fundamental rights are enshrined in Articles 12 and 35 in Part III of the Constitution. The framers of the Constitution took inspiration from the United States Constitution. Fundamental rights are so named because they are guaranteed and protected by the Constitution, which is the fundamental law of the country. Basically, the Constitution provides for seven fundamental rights, which include the right to equality (Articles 14-18), right to freedom (Articles 19-22), right against exploitation (Articles 23-24), freedom of religion. Right to freedom (Articles 25-28), cultural and educational rights (Articles 29-30), right to property (Article 31) and right to constitutional remedies (Article 32). However, the Right to Property was removed from the list of fundamental rights by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978. The Preamble provides equality of status and opportunity to all citizens of India. These include, equality before law (Article 14), prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth (Article 15), equality of opportunity in matters of public employment (Article 16), abolition of untouchability (Article 17) and abolition of titles (Article 18). Hence, pairs 1, 2 and 3 are not correctly matched.