Answer: A

Explanation:

The Governor is the executive head (constitutional head) of the state. The Governor also acts as the representative of the Central Government. The Governor's office, thus, plays a dual role. Generally, there is one Governor for each state, but according to the section of the Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act 1956, the same person can also be appointed as the Governor of two or more states. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

In the single consolidated judicial system of India, the High Court functions below the Supreme Court but above the subordinate courts. The judiciary of a nation consists of a High Court and a hierarchy of subordinate courts. The High Court has the apex position in the judicial administration of the state.

The High Court institution in India was first formed in 1862, when the Calcutta, Bombay and Madras High Courts were established. In 1866, the fourth High Court was established at Allahabad. Over time, each province in British India came to have its own High Court. After 1950, the High Court of the province became the High Court of the concerned state. The Constitution of India provides for a High Court for each state but the Seventh Amendment Act, 1956 empowered the Parliament to establish a common High Court for two or more States and a Union Territory. At present there are 24 High Courts in the country, out of which three are common High Courts. Delhi is the only Union Territory to have its own High Court (since 1966). Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

In January 1957, the Government of India constituted the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee to examine the work done by the Community Development Program (1952) and the National Extension Service (1953) and to suggest measures for their better functioning. The chairman of this committee was Balwant Rai Mehta. The committee submitted its report in November 1957 and recommended a scheme of 'democratic decentralization (autonomy)', which ultimately came to be known as Panchayati Raj. The establishment of a three-tier Panchayati Raj system in which Gram Panchayat at the village level and Panchayat Samiti at the block level was recommended by this committee. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

In India, the term 'Panchayati Raj' refers to the rural local self-governance system. It has been established by the State Legislatures to build democracy at the grassroots level in all the States of India. It was included in the Constitution by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992. Rajasthan was the first state in the country, where Panchayati Raj was established. The scheme was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister P. Jawaharlal Nehru on October 2, 1959 in Nagaur district of Rajasthan. After this, Andhra Pradesh implemented this scheme in 1959. After this most of the states started this scheme. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

In India, 'Urban Local Government' means a government composed of representatives elected by the people of an urban area. The jurisdiction of urban local government is limited to those specified urban areas which have been determined for this purpose by the State Government.'

There are 8 types of urban local government in India-municipal council, municipality, notified area committee, urban area committee, cantonment board, urban area committee, port trust and agency constituted for special purpose. The system of urban governance got constitutional status by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992. Hence, option (c) is correct.