Answer: C

Explanation:

Basically, there are two privileges  mentioned in the Constitution (Article 105). Freedom of speech in Parliament: This privilege allows Members of Parliament to express their opinions in the House without fear or threat. Right to publish parliamentary proceedings: This privilege gives Members of Parliament the right to publish the proceedings of the House so that the public is aware of what is happening in the House. As for other privileges, these are the same as those of the British House of Commons, its committees and its members from the commencement date (26 January 1950) unless otherwise declared by Parliament. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 states that other privileges of both Houses of Parliament, its committees and members accrued from the date of commencement (20 June 1979). This means that all the positions in respect of other privileges will remain the same. In other words, the amendment will be a mere oral amendment. It has been taken from the British House of Commons without any change in the context. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Ashok Chanda in his book "Indian Administrative System" termed the exalted status accorded to the Planning Commission as contrary to the concept of cabinet government. He argued that the Planning Commission is an overly powerful institution which works above the Cabinet. It hinders the Cabinet in formulating and implementing policies. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) is the supreme audit institution of India. It audits the expenditures of the government and ensures that they are made in accordance with the laws and rules. The CAG is not directly involved in the preparation of the budget.

Other bodies involved in the preparation of the budget:

Ministry of Finance: This ministry is responsible for preparing the budget. It estimates revenue and expenditure and allocates funds for various schemes and programmes.

Finance Commission: It is a constitutional body that recommends financial assistance from the central government to the states. It also plays a supporting role in the preparation of the budget.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The above-mentioned civil services are mentioned in the Indian Constitution as follows:

Indian Administrative Service: Article 312 of the Constitution provides for the formation of Indian Administrative Service.

Indian Police Service: There is no relevant provision in the Indian Constitution about police services, but arrangements for the organization and management of police in the states are made by the individual state legislatures.

All India Judicial Service: There is a provision for the formation of Indian Judicial Service in Article 312 of the Constitution.

Indian Foreign Service: There is no specific provision in the Constitution about the formation of Indian Foreign Service, but this service is a departmental service of the Union which is subject to special law or rules. Hence, option (b) is correct.