Answer: D

Explanation:

There are many mountain ranges in the Kashmir Himalayas, such as the Greater Himalayas, Karakoram, Ladakh, Jaskar and Pir Panjal. Important ranges like Zojila in the Greater Himalayas, Banihal in Pir Panjal, Fotula in the Zaskar range and Khardugala in the Ladakh range are located. Important freshwater lakes, such as Dal and Wular and salt water lakes like Pangong Tso and Somuriri are also found in this area. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

Answer: D

Explanation:

The rotation of the Earth has no effect on the amount of rainfall in a particular area. The other three options are all factors that affect the amount of rainfall that occurs in a particular area. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

Answer: C

Explanation:

The dendritic drainage pattern is found in the rivers of the northern plains of India, including the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra. These rivers follow the slopes of the terrain and their tributaries meet at sharp angles. The Trellis drainage pattern is seen in the rivers of the upper part of the Himalayan region, such as the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra. It develops in folded topography with hard and soft rocks parallel to each other. Rectangular runoff pattern appears in areas where faulting has occurred. It is formed on rugged solid terrain where streams follow the easiest path, often along weak rock lines, with tributaries joining the main stream at sharp angles. For example, rivers such as the Chambal, Betwa and Ken in the Vindhya mountain range exhibit this pattern. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The far northern part of the Himachal Himalayas is an extension of the cold desert of Ladakh and is in the Spiti subdivision of Lahaul and Spiti district. All three main mountain ranges of the Himalayas, the Greater Himalayas, the Lesser Himalayas (called Dhauladhar in Himachal and Nagatibha in Uttarakhand) and the Shivalik range extending in the north-south direction, are located in this Himalayan section. The mountains with a height of 1000 to 2000 meters in the Lesser Himalayas have been the main center of attraction for the British administration. Some important hill towns like Dharamshala, Mussoorie, Kasauli, Almora, Lansdowne and Ranikhet are located in this region. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Arunachal Himalayas extend from the Bhutan Himalayas to the Diphu Range in the east. The general direction of this mountain range is south-east to north-east. The main peaks of this region include Kangtu and Namcha Barwa. These mountain ranges are dissected by fast flowing rivers forming deep gorges in the north to south direction. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

After crossing Namcha Barua, the Brahmaputra river forms a deep gorge. Kameng, Subansari, Dihang, Dibang and Lohit are the main rivers here. These are perennial rivers and form many waterfalls. Therefore, the potential for hydropower generation here is considerable. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

One of the main features of the Arunachal Himalayas is that many tribes live here. Some of the tribes settled in this region from west to east are- Monpa, Abor, Mishmi, Nishi and Naga. Most of these tribes practice shifting cultivation, also known as shifting cultivation or slash and burn agriculture. Hence, statement 3 is correct.