Answer: B

Explanation:

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) came into force on July 1, 1975. This treaty was adopted in 1973. The purpose of CITES is to ensure that international trade (import/export) of specimens of animals and plants covered under CITES does not jeopardize the survival of the species in the wild. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Niche is the unique functional role or place of a species in an ecosystem. It describes all the biological, physical and chemical factors that a species needs to survive, remain healthy and reproduce. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

If we are to conserve species in their native habitat, we must be aware of the niche requirements of the species and ensure that all its niche needs are met. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

The niche is unique to a species, meaning that no two species have the same niche. Niche plays an important role in the conservation of organisms. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Air humidity is one of the various forms of water in nature. The moisture in the atmosphere in the form of vapor is called humidity. The humidity of the air is expressed as relative humidity. Relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air as a percentage that keeps the air in a saturated state at that temperature, that is, relative humidity is a combination of the actual humidity and how much more moisture can be in the air at that temperature. There is a ratio. Humidity is affected by the intensity of solar radiation, temperature, altitude, wind, vegetation and soil water level. High temperature increases the ability to absorb moisture from the air and reduces relative humidity. Low temperature, ability to absorb air moisture by reducing, the relative humidity increases. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Bio-luminescence is the ability of organisms to emit light. It is a part of organisms' adaptation for survival. Bio-luminescent organisms are commonly found in marine environments, but they are also found on terrestrial environments. The color of light emitted by organisms depends on their chemical properties. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Bioluminescence in some organisms helps protect them from predators. Bioluminescence attracts insects, which helps spread the spores. It may also be a mechanism to protect the organism from frugivorous (or fruit-eating) organisms. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Before the Rio Conference held in Brazil in 1992, world leaders failed to reach a consensus on climate change and global warming due to the rigid stance of industrial and developing countries. The United States has long sided with the need for scientific research on global warming and climate change, with business interests taking precedence over this global environmental issue. Hence, option (b) is correct.