Answer: (C)

Explanation:

• The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that focuses on addressing climate change. Its primary objective is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat global warming. Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched.
• The Basel Convention is an international treaty that aims to control the transboundary movement and disposal of hazardous waste. It promotes environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment. Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.
• The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty that emphasizes the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. It recognizes the ecological value of wetlands and promotes their wise use, with the goal of maintaining their ecological functions and biodiversity. Hence, pair 3 is correctly matched.

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: (C)

Explanation:

• Agenda 21 is an 800-page non-binding action program that serves as a guide for all nations into the 21st century. It covers various key topics, including energy conservation, climate change, pollution, water resource protection, soil loss, deforestation, radioactive waste, and disparities of wealth and poverty.
• The climate change and global warming are addressed through a separate Climate Change Framework agreement. The protection of biological diversity is addressed through a separate Biological Diversity agreement.

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: (A)

Explanation:

• The Anshi National Park is located near the city of Dandeli in the Uttara Kannada District of Karnataka along the border of Goa. This Park is a habitat for Bengal tigers, black panthers and elephants. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The Anshi National Park as having moist deciduous forests, not evergreen forests. The species of flora found in the park including true cinnamon, bamboo, bauhinia, eucalyptus, silver oak, teak, and jamba, but there is no mention of evergreen forests. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

Answer: (C)

Explanation:

• Estuaries are indeed the points where the mouth of a river meets the sea, resulting in the mixing of freshwater and seawater. This mixing creates a unique environment with varying salinity levels. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Estuaries are highly productive ecosystems due to the combination of freshwater inflow from rivers and the periodic influx of seawater due to tides. The mixing of nutrients and organic matter from land and sea creates favorable conditions for the growth of diverse plant and animal life, making estuaries one of the most productive water bodies in the world. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: (C)

Explanation:

• Biodegradation refers to the natural process by which organic substances, such as plant matter or waste products, are broken down and decomposed by living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or insects. This process helps recycle nutrients and return them to the environment. Hence, pair 1 is correct.
• Biomagnification refers to the process by which certain substances, such as toxic chemicals or pollutants, become increasingly concentrated in the tissues of organisms as they move up the food chain. Organisms at higher trophic levels, such as predators, tend to accumulate higher levels of these substances, which can have harmful effects on their health and the health of the ecosystem. Hence, pair 2 is correct.
• Biodiversity hotspots are specific geographic regions that have a high concentration of endemic species, meaning species that are found exclusively in that particular area and nowhere else in the world. These hotspots are recognized for their exceptional biodiversity and conservation value. Hence, pair 3 is correct.

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.