Context:

The Supreme Court of India has recently raised concerns about the increasing trend of "freebies" offered by political parties and governments, particularly before elections. During a hearing on shelter homes for the homeless, the Court discussed whether such policies might discourage people from working by providing resources without any effort or contribution.

Key Issues Discussed:

1.   Impact on Work Ethic: Justice Gavai highlighted the effect of freebies on labor participation, particularly in Maharashtra, where the availability of free provisions has led to a shortage of agricultural workers. The concern is that if essential resources are provided without cost, people may not feel the need to seek employment.

2.   Creation of Dependency: The Court also discussed whether financial assistance without work requirements could lead to dependency. Instead of promoting self-reliance, such policies might make individuals reliant on government support, which could impact overall productivity and economic growth.

3.   Political Motivations: Another aspect raised was the timing of these freebie policies, as many are introduced close to elections. This has led to discussions on whether such measures are primarily aimed at public welfare or are used as a strategy to influence voter decisions.

Freebies vs. Welfare Schemes:

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), in its 2022 report, defined freebies as "public welfare measures provided free of charge." These typically focus on short-term relief and include items like free laptops, TVs, bicycles, electricity, and water—often used as electoral incentives. However, some argue that they may encourage dependency rather than self-sufficiency.
• On the other hand, welfare schemes are structured programs aimed at long-term improvement in living standards and access to essential resources. Rooted in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) and aligned with social justice goals, these schemes aim for lasting benefits.
• Examples of welfare schemes include:
• Public Distribution System (PDS) – Ensuring food security.
• MGNREGA – Providing employment opportunities.
• Mid-Day Meal (MDM) Program – Addressing child nutrition and education.

Conclusion:

The Supreme Court’s observations highlight the ongoing debate about the impact of freebies on society. While these measures can provide immediate relief to those in need, there are concerns about their long-term effects on work participation and self-sufficiency. The discussion also emphasizes the importance of sustainable policies that balance short-term support with long-term economic and social development. Further hearings are expected to explore the legal and ethical aspects of freebie-driven policies.