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Daily-mcqs 01 Apr 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 01 Apr 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

With reference to the Railways (Amendment) Bill, 2024, consider the following statements:

1. The Bill empowers the central government to determine the number of Railway Board members, their qualifications, and appointment process.

2. The Bill completely eliminates the Railway Board and replaces it with a new regulatory authority.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A: Only 1

B: Only 2

C: Both 1 and 2

D: Neither 1 nor 2

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The Bill grants the central government authority over the structure, appointment, and qualifications of Railway Board members.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The Bill does not eliminate the Railway Board but enhances its powers.

Thus, the correct answer is (a) Only 1.

Q2:

Consider the following statements regarding the Project to Monitor Tigers outside Reserves:

1.     The project is being implemented under the supervision of the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA).

2.     The project is exclusively funded by the Union Budget’s Wildlife Conservation Fund.

3.     Around 30% of India’s total tiger population lives outside designated reserves.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A: Only one

B: Only two

C: All three

D: None

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The NTCA is responsible for overseeing the project.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The funding is being sought from CAMPA (National Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority), not the Union Budget’s Wildlife Conservation Fund.

Statement 3 is correct: As per official estimates, 30% of India's tiger population lives outside protected reserves.

Thus, the correct answer is (b) Only two.

Q3:

Which of the following statements about child labor laws in India is/are correct?

1.     The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2016 completely bans all forms of child labor, including in family enterprises.

2.     The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 criminalizes the employment of children in hazardous occupations.

3.     The Right to Education Act, 2009 mandates free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years, indirectly helping to curb child labor.

Select the correct answer using the codes below:

A: Only 1 and 2

B: Only 2 and 3

C: Only 1 and 3

D: All of the above

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Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The 2016 amendment bans child labor under 14 years but allows exceptions for family businesses and entertainment industries.

Statement 2 is correct: The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 imposes stricter penalties for engaging children in hazardous work.

Statement 3 is correct: The Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 ensures education for children, preventing them from entering the labor force prematurely.

Correct answer: (b) Only 2 and 3.

Q4:

Which of the following statements correctly differentiate between earthquake magnitude and intensity?

1.     Magnitude measures the energy released by an earthquake, whereas intensity measures the damage and effects felt on the surface.

2.     Magnitude is measured using the Richter Scale or Moment Magnitude Scale (Mw), while intensity is assessed using the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale.

3.     The same earthquake can have only one magnitude, but its intensity varies across different locations.

4.     The depth of the earthquake affects magnitude, but not intensity.

Select the correct answer using the codes below:

A: Only 1 and 2

B: Only 1, 2, and 3

C: Only 2, 3, and 4

D: All of the above

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Magnitude = energy released, Intensity = damage observed.

Statement 2 is correct: Richter Scale (ML) and Moment Magnitude Scale (Mw) measure magnitude, while MMI Scale assesses intensity based on human perception and structural damage.

Statement 3 is correct: An earthquake has only one magnitude, but intensity varies across different locations.

Statement 4 is incorrect: Depth affects both magnitude and intensity. A deeper earthquake generally reduces intensity at the surface.

Correct answer: (b) Only 1, 2, and 3

Q5:

Which of the following factors contribute to the accelerated melting of glaciers, as mentioned in the UNESCO World Water Development Report 2025?

1.     Increased temperatures due to climate change.

2.     Deposition of black carbon and particulate matter on glacier surfaces.

3.     Thawing of permafrost in mountain regions.

Select the correct answer using the code below:

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 2 and 3 only

C: 1, 2, and 3

D: 1 only

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

The accelerated melting of glaciers is primarily caused by rising global temperatures due to climate change. Additionally, the deposition of black carbon (soot) and other particulate matter on glacier surfaces reduces their reflectivity (albedo), which increases heat absorption and speeds up the melting process. Thawing of permafrost, while a significant issue, contributes to the release of carbon and geological instability, but it is not a direct cause of glacier melting.