Answer: B

Explanation:

DGTR, under the Ministry of Commerce, investigates dumping cases and trade remedies, including anti-dumping duties, countervailing duties, and safeguard measures

It was established on May 17, 2018, to protect Indian industries from unfair trade practices like dumping, subsidies, and import surges. It investigates anti-dumping and countervailing duties (CVD), handles trade litigation, engages with the WTO, and conducts awareness programs. By ensuring fair competition, DGTR helps maintain a balanced trade environment while upholding WTO regulations.

Answer: B

Explanation:

• Statement 1: Correct India’s GDP has doubled from $2.1 trillion in 2015 to a projected $4.3 trillion in 2025, marking a 105% growth. This rapid expansion has been driven by economic reforms (GST, corporate tax cuts), infrastructure investments, and digital transformation.


• Statement 2: Incorrect India is currently the fifth-largest economy, behind the U.S., China, Germany, and Japan. While India’s growth rate is high, Japan’s economy remains larger as of 2025. However, projections suggest India will surpass Japan by 2027 to become the third-largest economy.


• Statement 3: Correct India’s 105% GDP growth is higher than that of the U.S. (66%), China (44%), and Russia (57%). Factors such as Make in India, digital economy expansion, and improved ease of doing business have contributed to this superior growth rate.

Answer: B

Explanation:

• Yala Glacier → Nepal (A-4)


• Peyto Glacier → Canada (B-3)


• Humboldt Glacier → Venezuela (C-1)


• Okjökull Glacier → Iceland (D-2)

Answer: B

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: MSMEs contribute around 30% to India’s GDP, making them a key driver of economic activity.


• Statement 2 is incorrect: MSMEs account for about 45% of India’s total exports, not 60%.


• Statement 3 is correct: MSMEs are classified based on investment in plant & machinery and turnover, as per the revised criteria.

Answer: B

Explanation:

BPaLM regimen is a shorter, all-oral treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), replacing longer and more toxic injectable treatments.

 It consists of four key drugs:

• Bedaquiline (B) – Disrupts TB bacteria's energy production.


• Pretomanid (Pa) – A new-generation antibiotic that kills TB bacteria by preventing cell wall formation.


• Linezolid (L) – Inhibits protein synthesis in TB bacteria, stopping their growth.


• Moxifloxacin (M) – A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that targets bacterial DNA.

Benefits of BPaLM:

• Reduces treatment duration from 18-24 months to just 6 months.


• Improves cure rates for multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB).


• Eliminates the need for painful injections, making treatment easier for patients.