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Daily-mcqs 11 Nov 2024
Q1:
Consider the following statements about the UNEP Adaptation Gap Report 2024: 1. The adaptation finance gap for developing countries is estimated at $187–359 billion per year, with an annual need of $387 billion by 2030. 2. The Glasgow Climate Pact aims to double adaptation finance to $38 billion by 2025. 3. The report highlights that investing $16 billion annually in agriculture could prevent 78 million people from facing hunger and starvation due to climate change. How many of the above statements are correct?
A: Only 1
B: Only 2
C: All three
D: None
Answer: C
Explanation:
● Statement 1: Correct. The report states that the adaptation finance gap for developing countries is between $187–359 billion per year, with a total need of $387 billion annually by 2030.
● Statement 2: correct. The Glasgow Climate Pact's goal of doubling adaptation finance to $38 billion by 2025 from 19 billion in 2019.
● Statement 3: Correct. The report mentions that investing $16 billion annually in agriculture could prevent 78 million people from facing hunger and starvation due to climate change.
Q2:
Consider the following statements about the UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report 2024: 1. Report said that since the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goal on Education in 2015, global progress has led to 110 million more children entering school and 40 million more completing secondary education. 2. Over half of the world’s out-of-school children are located in South Asia, a region characterized by significant education inequalities. 3. In 2022, low-income countries spent $55 per learner on education, while high-income countries spent $8,543 per learner. How many of the above statements are correct?
A: Only 1
B: Only 2
C: All three
D: None
Answer: B
Explanation:
● Statement 1: Correct. The report highlights that 110 million more children and youth have entered school since 2015, and 40 million more young people are completing secondary school. However, despite these improvements, the number of out-of-school children has only decreased by 1%.
● Statement 2: Incorrect. The report states that over half of the world’s out-of-school children are located in sub-Saharan Africa, not South Asia. This highlights severe regional disparities, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
● Statement 3: Correct. In 2022, low-income countries spent just $55 per learner on education, while high-income countries spent $8,543 per learner, reflecting the vast funding gap.
Q3:
Consider the following statements about the world’s first CO₂-to-methanol conversion plant inaugurated by NTPC Limited: 1. The plant, located at NTPC’s Vindhyachal power plant in Madhya Pradesh, captures 20 tonnes of CO₂ per day and produces 10 tonnes of methanol daily. 2. The methanol produced by the plant is primarily used as a feedstock for manufacturing plastics, with no direct application in transportation. 3. NTPC's CO₂-to-methanol conversion plant contributes to India’s climate goals under the Paris Agreement and supports the country’s ambition to reach net-zero emissions by 2070. How many of the above statements are correct?
A: Only 1
B: Only 2
C: All three
D: None
Answer: B
Explanation:
● Statement 1: Correct. The CO₂-to-methanol conversion plant at Vindhyachal captures 20 tonnes of CO₂ per day from the flue gases and produces 10 tonnes of methanol daily, which can be used as a sustainable fuel source.
● Statement 2: Incorrect. The methanol produced by the plant is not just for manufacturing plastics; it has multiple applications, including as a fuel source in transportation, industry, and chemical production.
● Statement 3: Correct. The plant is in line with India's climate goals under the Paris Agreement, contributing to India's ambition of reaching net-zero emissions by 2070. NTPC is playing a leading role in India’s energy transition and green technology development.
Q4:
Consider the following statements about the 1st Global Ministerial Conference on Ending Violence Against Children: 1. The conference, held in November 2024 in Bogotá, Colombia, focused on addressing the issue of violence against children. 2. The event was co-hosted by the governments of Colombia and Sweden, with support from the World Bank and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Which of the above statements are correct?
A: Only 1
B: Only 2
C: Both
D: None
Answer: A
Explanation:
● Statement 1: Correct. The 1st Global Ministerial Conference, held in Bogotá, focused on the alarmingly high number of children (1 billion) who experience physical, emotional, or sexual abuse annually, and aimed to take action to end such violence.
● Statement 2: Incorrect. While the conference was co-hosted by the governments of Colombia and Sweden, it was not supported by the World Bank or UNDP. Instead, the key supporting organizations were the WHO, UNICEF, and the UN Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Ending Violence Against Children.
Q5:
Consider the following statements about RNA editing: 1. RNA editing modifies the exons of mRNA, allowing scientists to alter protein outcomes without changing the underlying genetic code. 2. RNA editing offers a higher risk of immune response compared to DNA editing because it uses bacterial-derived tools, such as CRISPR, to alter the RNA sequence. Which of the above statements are correct?
A: Only 1
B: Only 2
C: Both
D: None
Answer: A
Explanation:
● Statement 1: correct. While RNA editing does modify the exons of mRNA, the modifications are temporary, not permanent. RNA editing does not alter the underlying genetic code, unlike DNA editing.
● Statement 2: Incorrect. RNA editing does not use bacterial-derived tools like CRISPR. Instead, it uses ADAR enzymes, which are naturally found in human cells, thereby lowering the risk of immune response compared to DNA editing.
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