The population estimates for snow leopards in various states are derived from meticulous data analysis, revealing the distribution across Ladakh (477), Uttarakhand (124), Himachal Pradesh (51), Arunachal Pradesh (36), Sikkim (21), and Jammu and Kashmir (9). Hence statement 1 is correct.

Classified as "Vulnerable" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, in India, the species faces conservation challenges that necessitate attention and protective measures. Hence statement 2 is correct.

The snow leopard's habitat extends beyond India, covering the mountainous terrains of 12 countries in Asia. These countries include Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Hence statement 3 is correct.

The Economic Survey of India, an annual report by the Ministry of Finance, is traditionally presented in Parliament a day before the Union Budget. Guided by the Chief Economic Advisor, it is prepared by the Economics Division of the Department of Economic Affairs. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.

The survey comprehensively reviews the Indian economy's developments over the past year, providing insights into GDP, inflation, employment, and trade. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.

 Its inception dates back to 1950-51, and while initially presented with the Union Budget until 1964, it has been delinked from the Budget since then. Hence statement 3 is correct.

Carbon markets serve as financial systems designed for the exchange of carbon credits. These markets play a crucial role in assigning a monetary value to carbon emissions, creating an incentive for entities to reduce emissions by incurring a cost for their pollution. The two primary types of carbon markets include the Compliance Market, governed by government regulations, and the Voluntary Market, where organizations voluntarily offset their emissions. Hence statement 1 is correct.

The inception of the first international carbon market traces back to 1997, initiated under the United Nations' Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change.  Hence statement 2 is correct.

C-Bot, or Coral Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, is a state-of-the-art robot designed for prolonged monitoring of coral reefs. With enhanced surveillance capabilities, it can explore depths of up to 200 meters in the Indian Ocean. Its mission includes supporting the Navy in bathymetry studies for mapping navigation channels and exploring hydrothermal vents.  Hence option (b) is correct.

The Inclusive Development Index (IDI), introduced by the World Economic Forum System Initiative on Shaping the Future of Economic Progress in 2017, is an annual economic index. It assesses countries' economic performance across three pillars: growth and development, inclusion, and intergenerational equity and sustainability. The goal of this initiative is to foster sustained and inclusive economic progress through enhanced public-private cooperation, thought leadership, analysis, and strategic dialogue, as well as encouraging social impact through corporate action. Hence option (d) is correct.