Answer: C

Explanation:

A rare celestial event occurred as four solar flares erupted simultaneously, potentially signalling the onset of the Sun's dynamic 11-year cycle. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured the rare sight of simultaneous sympathetic solar flares in different regions of the Sun. The event revealed complex magnetic interactions caused by eruptions originating from three sunspots and a large magnetic filament. The four-part eruption began around 1 am EDT on April 23, covering around a third of the solar surface facing Earth. Hence, statement 1 and 2 both are correct.

Sympathetic flares occur due to multiple eruptions across the Sun's magnetic field, with one eruption triggering others. This phenomenon leads to coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and massive bursts of plasma. Such solar activity suggests the Sun is nearing the peak of its 11-year solar cycle, known as solar maximum. Increased solar events like flares and CMEs mark this peak, offering insight into the Sun's complex life cycle. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Recently, Indian Historical Records Commission (IHRC) adopted a new logo and motto, with the winning design submitted by Shaurya Pratap Singh from Delhi. The Indian Historical Records Commission (IHRC) was established in 1919 by the Government of India to advise on the management of records and their use for historical research. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

It is an all-India forum of record creators, custodians and users. Its responsibilities include making recommendations on the treatment of archives for historical study and the scale and plan for cataloguing, calendaring and reprinting documents. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

It is headed by the Union Minister of Culture and the National Archives of India in New Delhi is its secretariat. The National Archives of India (NAI) is a repository of the Government of India's non-current records, which are held in trust for the use of scholars and administrators. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Recently, Dongria Kondh tribe in Odisha gathered in Parsili village, prioritizing clearing their names from Naxal cases linked to opposing a bauxite mining plan in Niyamgiri Hills before considering participation in polls. The Dongria Kondh are a particularly vulnerable tribal group  (PVTG) from the Rayagada and Kalahandi districts of Odisha. They are a primitive subgroup of the Kondhs of the Munda ethnic group who live in the Niyamgiri hills of Odisha. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

They are known for their traditional handloom sarees, the Dongria saree. They worship Niyam Raja, the supreme god of the Niyamgiri forest and believe that they are his royal descendants. The Dongria Kondh practice horticulture and shifting cultivation. The people of Niyamgiri speak Kui language, which is spoken but not written, mainly among the Kondh community. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

They celebrate the popular Podha festival in February-March with new clothes and generous quantities of Salap Rasa, a drink prepared from the juice drawn from the Salap tree. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Polypropylene (PP) granules are a type of thermoplastic polymer derived from propylene monomers. They are commonly used in various industries for manufacturing a wide range of products due to their versatile properties. They possess properties such as high stiffness, good chemical resistance and excellent heat resistance. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

They are used in the production of packaging materials, automotive parts, textiles, medical devices and consumer goods. They are produced through polymerization of propylene monomers using catalysts under controlled conditions. The polymerization process can occur in gas, solution or solid-phase reactors, followed by granulation to produce uniform pellets. Polypropylene is considered a recyclable plastic, and efforts are made to recycle PP granules to minimize environmental impact. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Recently, doctors have become increasingly concerned about the rising incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) worldwide. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It includes two conditions, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which are characterized by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Factors contributing to the development or worsening of IBD include diet, age, family history, cigarette smoking and certain medications. Symptoms include loose motions, pain in the abdomen and blood in the stool that continue for more than two weeks. To reduce the risk of developing IBD, adopt a lifestyle that includes avoiding processed foods, eating a Mediterranean-style diet rich in fruits and vegetables, getting enough sleep, limiting exposure to antibiotics, abstaining from smoking and managing stress and anxiety. Hence, statements 1 and 2 both are correct.