Answer: B

Explanation:

JIA (Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis) is the most common type of chronic arthritis in children, characterized by inflammation of the joints resulting in pain, swelling, warmth, stiffness and loss of motion. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

It typically begins before the age of 16 and can last for a limited period or persist throughout life, necessitating lifelong treatment. The exact causes are unknown, but it involves an overactive immune system that triggers inflammation. It affects children of all races and ethnic backgrounds, with certain types being more prevalent in girls. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Psoriatic JIA is linked with psoriasis and causes joint inflammation and skin changes. Systemic JIA affects the whole body with symptoms like fever, rash, and potential organ inflammation. Undifferentiated arthritis includes symptoms not fitting into specific types. Common symptoms include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, morning limping, eye inflammation, skin changes, fever, and growth problems. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Recently, the fourth edition of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Startup Forum was organized in New Delhi. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a intergovernmental organization that promotes regional cooperation a mong member states. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

It aims to tackle terrorism, promote economic development, foster cultural exchange and advance towards a more democratic and fair global order. It was established in 2001 and comprises eight member states: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India and Pakistan. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Iran joined the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in July 2023. It has three councils including the Council of Heads of Government, the Council of Heads of State and the Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs. It has signed cooperation agreements with various UN bodies, including UNESCO, UNWTO, IOM, UNODC, ESCAP and UNOCT. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) involves capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from industrial and power plants and storing it underground to prevent atmospheric buildup, mitigating climate change. The primary purpose of CCS is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO₂, from large point sources such as power plants and industrial facilities. Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS) involves not only storing captured CO₂ underground but also utilizing it in other industries, potentially enhancing its economic viability. Hence, statements 1 and 2 both are correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Recently, the Supreme Court constituted an expert committee to balance the conservation and protection of Great Indian Bustard bird population with the country’s international commitments to promote renewable sources of energy.  The Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is a large, terrestrial bird native to the Indian subcontinent. It is one of the heaviest flying birds in the world and is known by many names, including Maldhok, Yerbhoot, Ghorad and Godawan. The frequent collision with high-power overhead electric lines, particularly in its core habitats in Gujarat and Rajasthan, is a significant cause of mortality. The Great Indian Bustard is critically endangered according to the IUCN and is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Recently, a team of 60 personnel from the Kannur forest division, Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary captured the approximately two-year-old tiger, which had left residents near the forest fringes at Adakkathodu at Kelakam in Kannur panic-stricken. Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is a sanctuary in Kerala, located on the western slope of the Western Ghats. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

It was established in 1984 and is the northernmost wildlife sanctuary in the state. It borders the Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary in Karnataka, the forests of Coorg, Wayanad's northern slopes and the Cheenkanni River. The sanctuary's highest peak is Katti Betta. Hence, statement 2 is correct.