Answer: C

Explanation:

Recently, the President, Vice President and Prime Minister have greeted people on the occasion of Onam. Onam is a major harvest festival celebrated in Kerala. It is a 10-day festival that honours the homecoming of the mythical King Mahabali, who brought peace and prosperity to Kerala. Hence, statements 1 and 2 both are correct.

Onam is celebrated in the month of Chingam, which is the first month of the Malayalam calendar and usually falls in August–September on the Gregorian calendar. It is one of the three major festivals of Kerala, the other two are Vishu and Thiruvathira. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Recently, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) informed the National Green Tribunal that water quality at four locations in Ashtamudi Lake does not meet the Primary Water Quality Criteria for Bathing as per The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. Ashtamudi Lake, also known as Ashtamudi Kayal, is a lake in the Kollam district of Kerala. It is the second largest lake in Kerala and is known as the "Gateway to Kerala Backwaters".  Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

This lake is a unique wetland ecosystem that combines freshwater and saltwater, making it a biodiversity hotspot. The lake is fed by the Kallada River, which originates in the Western Ghats. In 2012, Ashtamudi Lake was designated a Ramsar site, a wetland of international importance. Hence, statements 2 and 3 are correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Recently, over one crore cases were settled during the third national Lok Adalat, organized by the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA). Lok Adalat, also known as People's Court is alternative dispute resolution mechanism that helps settle cases in court or before litigation.  It is a part of India's judicial system and is meant to provide fair and simple justice in an amicable way. Hence, statement I is correct.

There are different types of Lok Adalats, including regular Lok Adalats and daily Lok Adalats. The first Lok Adalat camp was organized in Gujarat in 1982. The Lok Adalat shall have the same powers as are vested in a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure (1908). Hence, statement II is correct.

Here, statements I and II both are correct and statement II is not the correct explanation for statement I. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Recently, Iran launched the Chamran-1 research satellite, marking a notable advancement in its aerospace program amid ongoing Western criticism. Chamran-1 satellite is a research satellite designed for testing purposes. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The primary purpose of Chamran-1 is to test hardware and software systems related to orbital manoeuvre technology. The Chamran-1 satellite, weighing approximately 60 kg, was launched using the Ghaem-100 carrier rocket. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

India on 15th of September launched Operation Sadbhav to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) to Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam that have been hit by severe flooding caused by Typhoon Yagi. Laos, officially known as the Lao People's Democratic Republic is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. Vientiane is the capital of Loas. Laos shares its borders with Vietnam to the east & northeast, Thailand to the west & southwest, China to the north Myanmar to the northwest and Cambodia to the south. The highest point in Laos is Phou Bia. Hence, option (a) is correct.