Answer: C

Explanation:

World Day Against Child Labour was being observed yesterday on June 12, 2024. The World Day Against Child Labour is observed every year aimed at raising awareness and mobilising efforts to end child labour in all its forms. The International Labour Organization (ILO) established World Day Against Child Labour in 2002. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

According to United Nations, about sixteen crore children worldwide are victims of child labour, which deprives them of their right to an education and threatens their well-being and future. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

The theme of World Day Against Child Labour 2024 is – Let’s act on our commitments: End Child Labour. Article 24 of the Constitution of India prohibits the employment of children under 14 years old in factories, mines or hazardous occupations. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

On June 12, 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a new framework to eliminate Kala-azar in Eastern Africa. Kala-azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis or "black fever", is a fatal disease caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Kala-azar is transmitted through the bite of infected female sandfly, Phlebotomus argentipes and is characterized by irregular fevers, weight loss, enlarged spleen and liver and anemia. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

In October 2023, Bangladesh was declared kala-azar -free, making it the first country to achieve this milestone. In India, the disease has been reported in Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Recently, the Indian traders in Pithoragarh urged the government to reopen the Lipulekh pass trade route with China, closed since 2019 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Lipulekh Pass, also known as Lipu-Lekh Pass, Qiangla or Tri-Corner, is a high-altitude mountain pass in the western Himalayas of Uttarakhand. It is an international border crossing between India, China, and Nepal and serves as a tri-junction between Uttarakhand, Tibet and Nepal. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The pass is 5,334 meters high and has been used by traders, pilgrims and mendicants since ancient times to travel between India and Tibet. It is also a route for pilgrims traveling to Kailas and Manasarovar. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

According to a new report by the Global Carbon Project, planet-warming nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions increased by 40 percent between 1980 and 2020. Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions grew by 40% between 1980 and 2020. N₂O is the third most significant greenhouse gas, 273 times more potent than N₂O over 100 years. Hence, statement I is correct.

Greenhouse gas increases have raised the Earth's average surface temperature by 1.15°C since the pre-industrial era, with anthropogenic N₂O contributing about 0.1°C. Hence, statement II is correct.

Here, statements I and II both are correct and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Recently, the Prime Minister of India announced that he will embark on a visit to Apulia, Italy today to participate in the G7 Summit, which is scheduled to be held on the 14th of this month. Italy is a boot-shaped peninsula located in southern Europe. Italy shares its land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, Vatican City and San Marino. It is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea, including the Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea and Ligurian Sea. Rome is the capital of Italy. The highest point in Italy is Monte Bianco, also known as Mont Blanc in French, which is part of the Alps mountain range.  Hence, option (a) is correct.