Answer: A

Explanation:

Recently, Chief Justice of India D. Y Chandrachud highlighted justice and equality as core judiciary values at the Foundation Stone Laying Ceremony for three Court buildings at Karkardooma. The Chief Justice of India is the head of the judiciary in India and the Supreme Court of India.  He/she also serves as the Chief Administrative Officer of the judicial system. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The Chief Justice of India and the Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President under clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

The first Chief Justice of India was Harilal Jekisundas Kania, who served from 1950 to 1951. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

Answer: C

Explanation:

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) issued a stark warning, stating that a staggering 90 per cent of the planet’s land surface could be degraded by 2050. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It was established on 16th November 1945 with the aim of promoting peace and security through international cooperation in education, science, culture and communication. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The first session of the General Conference of UNESCO was held in Paris during November-December of 1946. It administers the World Heritage Programme, which identifies and protects cultural and natural heritage sites of outstanding universal value. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

UNESCO has 193 Members and 11 Associate Members (as of April 2020) and is run by the General Conference and Executive Board. Its headquarter is located in Paris, France. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Answer: D

Explanation:

Recently, the astronomers have discovered a new radio galaxy using the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR). LOFAR is a radio telescope that operates in the 10–240 MHz frequency range. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

LOFAR is made up of an array of dipole antennas spread across Europe and the Netherlands and is the world's largest distributed radio telescope. It has 38 stations in the Netherlands, 6 in Germany, 3 in Poland and 1 each in France, the UK, Sweden, Ireland and Latvia. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Recently, the Prime Minister of India praised 'Araku' coffee in his 'Maan Ki Baat' address, and highlighted its unique flavor. Araku Coffee is grown in the Araku Valley, located in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and the state of Odisha. Hence, statement I is correct.

This coffee is known for its rich aroma and distinctive flavor profile, often described as smooth with notes of chocolate and fruit. Araku Coffee was accredited with the Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2019. Hence, statement II is correct.

Here, statements I and II both are correct and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Recently, in Japan, the number of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) infections has exceeded the warning level nationwide in Japan for the first time in nearly five years. Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease is a viral illness that causes blisters and rashes on the hands, feet and mouth, and sometimes in the diaper area, genitals and buttocks. It is usually caused by coxsackievirus A16, a type of enterovirus. It is very contagious and can spread through unwashed hands, saliva, mucus, feces and fluid from blisters. It is most common in children under 5 years old, but anyone can get it. Hence, option (b) is correct.