Context-

The Global Peace Summit, set to be held in Switzerland on 15-16 June, aims to garner support for a 10-point peace plan proposed by Ukraine. This plan necessitates the withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukrainian territory and the cessation of hostilities..

An Unprecedented Opportunity for India

●     India has a unique opportunity to play a pivotal role as a peacemaker at an event considered by many in the West as the most crucial peace summit since World War II.

●     While the summit expects the attendance of representatives from over 100 countries, notable absentees include Russia, which wasn’t invited, and China, which declined participation citing Russia’s exclusion. In this complex geopolitical landscape, India, led by PM Modi, has a unique chance to assert its role as a leader of the so-called ‘Global South,’ building on its successful G20 leadership and consistent advocacy for peace.

India’s Advocacy for Peace

●     Championing the Cause of Emerging Economies

While not directly involved in the Russia-Ukraine conflict, developing countries have been significantly impacted by its repercussions. These include shocks to global energy and commodities markets, with notable increases in the prices of oil, wheat, and metals. Russia is a leading energy supplier, and both Russia and Ukraine are key exporters of several commodities. The OECD, comprising mostly high-income countries, reports that development funding budgets in emerging economies are stretched due to the overlapping effects of the war, the Covid-19 pandemic, and a growing need for humanitarian aid.

A 2023 study by the Global Wheat Program and the University of Arkansas highlighted the severe ripple effects. It estimated that if wheat supplies from the conflict zone dried up completely, annual per capita consumption could fall by a staggering 57 percent in sub-Saharan Africa in the absence of other import sources. New Delhi’s non-aligned position and well-established diplomatic relationships with both Ukraine and Russia provide it with a solid foundation to advocate for the concerns of emerging economies at the peace talks.

●     Leveraging G20 Leadership

India’s successful G20 presidency in 2023 culminated in a joint declaration on the conflict and the inclusion of the African Union in the bloc—both clear signs of its growing influence in shaping the emerging global order. India’s ability to maintain a balanced stance and foster dialogue has been pivotal in earning international respect. By championing the cause of peace at the Global Peace Summit, India can further cement its role as a significant player on the global stage.

Three Pillars for Peace

India's long history of promoting peace through its foreign policy, diplomacy, contributions to peacekeeping missions, and civilisational ethos is widely recognised and respected.

●     Dialogue with Russia

India’s ability to communicate with Russia as a trusted partner positions it uniquely to mediate in the ongoing conflict. At the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) meeting in Samarkand in September 2022, PM Modi publicly told Russian President Vladimir Putin, “Today’s era is not of war.” Additionally, India reportedly supported US efforts in late 2022 to assess and contain the possibility of a nuclear escalation by Russia.

●     Democracy, Diplomacy, and Dialogue

Echoing PM Modi’s comments at the SCO meeting, New Delhi could use the summit in Switzerland to stress the importance of democracy, diplomacy, and dialogue as the three pillars for peace in Ukraine and lasting stability in Eastern Europe. These principles resonate with India’s long-standing approach to conflict resolution and its emphasis on peaceful coexistence and mutual respect.

Strategic Interests and Long-Term Benefits

On one hand, India must preserve its historic ties with Russia, which are particularly crucial given its rivalry with neighbouring Pakistan and China. On the other hand, it must nurture its growing relationships and cooperation with Western powers united in their condemnation of Moscow.

●     Balancing Relations with Russia and the West

India’s diplomatic balancing act has been a testament to its nuanced foreign policy. By spearheading peace talks in Switzerland, PM Modi can further boost his credentials as a global leader of substance. Success in mediating the Russia-Ukraine conflict would also bring India several long-term benefits, including stronger international partnerships and enhanced global influence.

●     Economic and Humanitarian Impacts

The developing world, including India, has faced significant economic and humanitarian challenges due to the war in Ukraine. By taking a proactive role in peace negotiations, India can address these challenges more effectively. Ensuring a stable supply of energy and commodities is crucial for emerging economies, and India’s leadership in these talks can help mitigate the adverse effects of the conflict on global markets.

India’s Global Leadership Role

●     Enhancing Global Influence

India’s role at the summit could lead to a more prominent position in global decision-making forums. As a mediator, India can bridge the gap between conflicting parties and foster dialogue that leads to sustainable peace. This enhanced influence would not only benefit India but also contribute to a more balanced and equitable global order.

●     Promoting a Multilateral Approach

India’s participation in the summit underscores the importance of a multilateral approach to conflict resolution. By working with other nations to address the challenges posed by the Russia-Ukraine war, India can promote a collective effort to ensure global peace and security. This approach aligns with India’s commitment to international cooperation and its vision of a harmonious global community.

Conclusion

India, under the leadership of PM Narendra Modi, has a historic opportunity to play a transformative role at the Global Peace Summit. By leveraging its non-aligned stance, diplomatic relationships, and advocacy for peace, India can champion the concerns of emerging economies and contribute to a lasting resolution of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. This leadership not only enhances India’s global standing but also promotes a more stable and secure world.

Source- ORF